KP11
EST:
Iuridicum (Näituse 20, https://maps.app.goo.gl/V8XFsWZeVUMpMfyUA)
Iuridicumi hoone on rajatud 20. sajandi algul professor Rostovtsevi eraülikooli tarbeks.
1908. aastast lubati Vene impeeriumis rajada ülikoolilinnadesse eraülikoole ja kõrgemaid kursusi neile, kes muidu ülikooli ei pääsenud. Peamiselt asusid eraülikoolides õppima naised, keda päris ülikooli ei lubatud, ja juudid, keda võeti Vene Keisririigis ülikoolidesse vastu kvoodi alusel (üldjuhul mitte üle 5%).
Eraülikooli rajamise võimalust kasutas kohe kirurgiaprofessor Mihhail Rostovtsev (1865–1952), kes ostis veel samal aastal Tähtvere mõisalt krundi. Algul rajati sinna ühekorruseline puithoone, 1911.–1912. aastal kerkis krundile aga uhke kolmekorruseline kliinik.
Tartu eraülikooli asutaja Mihhail Rostovtsev, kes oli kooli direktor aastatel 1908–1913 (autor Carl Schulz, aasta teadmata)
Tartu Ülikooli muuseum, https://opendata.muis.ee/object/3887233.
Rostovtsevi eraülikool (Universitas Privatissima Jurjevensis) oli loodusteaduste ja meditsiinikallakuga kõrgkool. Selles oli õppureid kokku üle 3000, nende seas üle 100 eestlase.
Rostovtsevi eraülikool (Tartu vabaülikool) (autor teadmata, 1915)
Tartu Linnamuuseum, https://opendata.muis.ee/object/1565655.
Eraülikool lõpetas tegevuse 1919. aastal. Hiljem tegutses siin hoones mitu kooli. Alates 1988. aastast kuulub maja Tartu Ülikoolile ja 1994 remonditi see peahoones ruumipuudusesse jäänud õigusteaduskonna tarbeks. 1997. aastal kolis teaduskond majja ja seda hakati nimetama Iuridicumiks. Vahepeal oli teaduskonna käsutuses ka üle tee aadressil Näituse 13a asuv hoone.
Praegune Tartu Ülikooli õigusteaduskonna direktor, külalisprofessor dr. iur. Priit Pikamäe Iuridicumi auditooriumis (autor Lauri Kulpsoo, 2025)
Universitas Tartuensis, https://ajakiri.ut.ee/priit-pikamae-mida-paremat-haridust-suudame-anda-seda-paremini-toimib-uhiskond/.
ENG:
Iuridicum (Näituse 20, https://maps.app.goo.gl/V8XFsWZeVUMpMfyUA)
The Iuridicum building was constructed at the beginning of the 20th century for the private university of Professor Rostovtsev.
From 1908, in university towns across the Russian Empire, private universities and higher education courses were allowed to be established for those who otherwise had no access to higher education. The students of private universities were mostly women, who were normally not admitted to universities, and people of Jewish origin, whose admission to the universities in the Russian Empire was restricted by quotas (usually no more than 5%).
The opportunity to establish a private university was immediately taken up by Professor of Surgery Mikhail Rostovtsev (1865–1952), who purchased a plot of land from Tähtvere manor in the same year. Initially, a single‑storey wooden building was erected, and in 1911–1912, a grand three‑storey clinic was built on the site.
Mikhail Rostovtsev, founder of the private university in Tartu and director from 1908 to 1913 (author Carl Schulz, author unknown)
University of Tartu Museum, https://opendata.muis.ee/object/3887233.
Rostovtsev Private University (Universitas Privatissima Iurievensis) was a higher education institution specialising in natural sciences and medicine. In total, it had more than 3,000 students, including over 100 Estonians.
Rostovtsev Private University (author unknown, 1915)
Tartu City Museum, https://opendata.muis.ee/object/1565655
The private university closed down in 1919, and later, the building housed various schools. Since 1988, the building has been owned by the University of Tartu. In 1994, it was renovated for the Faculty of Law, which was lacking space in the main building. In 1997, the faculty moved in, and the building became known as Iuridicum. For some time, the Faculty of Law also used the building across the street, at Näituse 13a.
Visiting Professor dr. iur. Priit Pikamäe, current Director of the University of Tartu School of Law, in a lecture room in Iuridicum (author Lauri Kulpsoo, 2025)
Universitas Tartuensis, https://ajakiri.ut.ee/priit-pikamae-mida-paremat-haridust-suudame-anda-seda-paremini-toimib-uhiskond/.